间充质干细胞在血管工程中的应用

The Mechanism and Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vascular Engineering

间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是具有自我更新和多向分化能力的多能干细胞,在不同的诱导条件下,可向成骨细胞、软骨细胞、心肌细胞、神经元等中胚层细胞分化,同时具有来源广泛、取材方便、可以体外大量扩增、免疫原性低等特点,尤其向内皮等分化的特性已使其成为血管组织工程的最佳种子细胞。目前间充质干细胞在心脏疾病、神经系统疾病、肾脏疾病等方面的科研及临床已有相关研究,展示出了广阔的前景。本文对间充质干细胞在血管工程中的机制及应用做一综述。

Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） are multi- functional stem cells which are self- renewable and have multi - directional differentiation potential. Under various inducing conditions, they can be differentiated into mesoblastemas, such as osteoblasts, cartilage cells, cardiac muscle cells and neurocytes etc, and have the characteristics of wide availability, high resourcefulness, multi - differentiation in vitro and low immunogenicity. It is worthy of noting that their features of differentiation to endothelial ceils have made the MSCs to be the most suitable seed cells in vascular tissue engineering. There have been some scientific and clinical researches on the MSC at present in heart diseases, nerve diseases and kidney and they have depicted very promising prospects.