论影响企业绩效和企业变革的五个基本因素

On Fundamental Factors Affecting Enterprise Performance and Enterprise Reform

影响企业绩效和企业变革的基本因素有五个:一是企业家的意愿和能力。企业家的意愿和能力一定程度上决定着企业的管理制度和管理结构、企业的规模和精神气质。二是市场竞争。市场竞争深刻影响着企业的生产成本和效率、产品质量、售后服务以及创新能力。三是技术革命和技术创新。技术革命和技术创新对生产体系和组织管理结构影响深远。四是政府干预。政府干预影响企业之间的竞争秩序、企业的规模、企业运行成本和经济效益。五是经济体制。经济体制从根本上制约着企业的运行效率。

There are five fundamental factors affecting enterprise performance and enterprise reform： the first is the entrepreneur＇s will and ability, which determine, to a certain extent, the enterprise＇s management system, the enterprise＇s management structure and the enterprise＇s ethos and affect the enterprise＇s size as well; the second is the market competition, the market price competition leads to enterprise＇s reducing costs and improving production efficiency; the non-price competition to enterprise＇s heightening product quality, strengthening after-sale service and enhancing innovative ability; the third is the technological revolution and the technological innovation, the first technological revolution accelerated substituting capitalist factories for workshops; the second technological revolution expanded the enterprise＇s size and produced standardized production systems and organizational structures; the third technological revolution re-integrated standardized production systems and organizational structures and produced more flexible production systems and organizational structures; the fourth government intervention, which affected the enterprise＇s competition order, the enterprise＇s size, the enterprise＇s operating cost and the economic benefit; the fifth the economic system, the reason why enterprises in the market system have more operating efficiency than ones in the plan system is that the market system can resolve the contradiction between individual interests and social interests better.