礼法之治要求下的礼义之学——论荀子的“学”

Learning Liyi for the Governing by Li-law:of the Learning in Xunzi

荀子之"学"是礼义之"学"。礼义之道既是学的内容又是学的标准,合之则是,不合则非。"虚壹而静"是在"虚静"的状态中领会世界的总原理("道"或"统类")。"以道观尽"是按礼义的"统类"来看待万物。"学"的内容、方式、目的都是外在地确定了的,因此学习者没有多少主体性。礼法之治是荀子劝"学"的最终目的,其"学"是工具性的。

The learning Xunzi says is to learn Liyi which is both the object and the standard of it. As for the learning methods he suggests, ＂Xu Yi Er Jing＂ means that in the open - mindedness and serenity man can grasp the universal and fundamental law of the world, namely Tan or ＂Tonglei＂ ,and ＂Yi Dao Guan Jin＂ is to understand things according to the principle of LiYi. It is very clear that the object, method and purpose of the learning are determined externally, and then there must be httle subjectivity in learners. Furthermore, in his thoughts the learning is instrumental, for essentially, he aims at the governing by Li - law when he persuads people to learn.