高频超声在四肢关节病变早期诊断中的应用

Application of high-frequency ultrasonography to the early diagnosis of joint lesion

目的探讨高频超声在四肢关节病变早期诊断中的应用。方法收集有症状而行四肢关节超声检查的患者65例314个关节,其中有25例157个关节同时行X线检查。结果65例患者中有57例(87.7%),314个四肢关节中有214个关节(68.2%)检出有不同程度的异常改变。同时行超声检查和X线检查的25例患者中,超声检查检出病变22例(88%),157个四肢关节中有99个(63.1%)检出病变;X线检查检出病变14例(56%),57个关节(36.3%)检出病变。两者间病例检出率的差异有统计学意义(2=4.083,P<0.05),以超声较高(88%VS56%);超声关节病变检出率比X线检查高(63.1%VS36.3%),差异有统计学意义(2=20.050,P<0.01)。结论超声检查对于四肢关节病变早期诊断有良好的临床应用价值。联合超声和X线检查可显著提高四肢关节病变的检出率。

Objective To investigate the application of high-frequency ultrasound to the early diagnosis of joint disease. Methods 65 patients with extremity joint symptoms were included in this study. High-frequency ultrasonography and power Doppler imaging were used to scan 314 extremity joints in all patients. Among them, X-ray radiography was performed in 157 extremity joints of 25 patients at the same time. Results Various joint lesions were revealed in 57 patients （87.7%） and 214 joints from 314 joints by ultrasonography. Among those received both uhrasonography and radiography, joint lesions in 22 patients （88%） , 99 joints （63.1% ） were detected by ultrasonography and lesions in 14 patients （56%） , 57 joints （36. 3% ） were detected by X-ray. The difference between detectable rates of patient with joint lesion by these two methods was statistically significant （ F 〈 0.05）, and the detectable rate was higher by ultrasonography （88% VS 56% ）. The difference between detectable rates of joint with lesion by these two methods was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and the detectable rate was higher by ultrasonography （88% VS 56%, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Uhrasonography is one of good methods for early diagnosis of extremity joint lesion in clinical practice. Combination of ultrasonography and X-ray radiography can significantly improve detectable rate of joint lesion.