微喷条件下灌水量对烤烟生长发育和水分利用效率的影响

Influence of micro-spraying amount on growth and water use efficiency of fluecured tobacco

介绍2008年在豫中烟区采用大田试验比较微喷灌溉不同灌水量及传统沟灌条件下烟株生长发育、产量、产值和水分利用效率的差异情况。试验结果表明，在伸根期干旱情况下灌溉处理可显著促进烟株生长发育，表现为株高增加，茎围增大，有效叶数增多，叶面积扩大，以总微喷量为72mm的效果最好；烟叶产量、产值以总微喷量72mm的最高，分别比不灌水对照增加65．64％和103．35％。水分生产率和水分产值率以总微喷量48mm的最高，分别比传统沟灌提高23．24％和48．29％。微喷各处理水分生产率和灌溉效率均显著高于传统沟灌，灌水生产率、灌水产值率和灌水增产率以总微喷量24mm的最高，灌水增值率以总微喷量48mm的最高。豫中烟区在正常气候条件下，以总灌水量48～72mm为宜。

A field experiment was conducted in the tobacco-growing area in central Henan in 2008 to compare the difference in growth, yield, yield value and water use efficiency of flue-cured tobacco when different micro-spraying amounts are used and traditional furrow irrigation is adopted. The results indicate that, under drought conditions and in the mot-spreading stage, irrigation treatment may significandy promote tobacco growth, as manifested by an increase in tobacco height, stem girth, effective leaf quantity and leaf area. The effect of this treatment is best when the irrigation amount is 36mm and total micro-spraying amount is 72mm. The yield and yield value of tobacco in the experiments were highest when the total micro-spraying amount was 72mm, increasing by 65.64% and 103.35%, respectively, over the non-irrigated control group. The water production rate and water value rate were highest when the total micro-spraying amount was 48 nun, increasing by 23.24% and 48.29%, respectively, compared to traditional furrow irrigation. All micro-spraying treatments have a higher irrigation production rate, irrigation value rate, irrigation yield increase rate, and irrigation value increase rate, compared to traditional furrow irrigation. The irrigation production rate and irrigation value rate were highest when the total micro-spraying amount was 24 mm. The irrigation yield increase rate was the highest when the total micro-spraying amount was 24 mm or 48 mm. The irrigation value increase rate was highest when the total micro-spraying amount was 48mm. Under normal climatic conditions, the recommended irrigation quota per time is 24-36 mm and the total irrigation amount is 48-72 mm.