放线菌制剂对连作草莓根区微生物区系的影响及其防病促生作用

Study on the effect of actinomycetes on microflora of replanted strawberry's root domain and the bio-control effectiveness

【目的】探索放线菌制剂对草莓根域微生态的影响及其防病促生效果。【方法】采用露地小区试验和平皿培养法，测定接种放线菌制剂对草莓生长及其根域微生态的影响。【结果】①草莓移栽时，接种放线菌制剂Act11和Act12可以显著增加草莓根表细菌数量及根区、根表、根内放线菌数量，接种处理的草莓根表细菌、放线菌数量分别较对照提高71．4％～100．0％，112．9％～234．9％，根内真菌、放线菌数量分别较对照提高236．4oA～254．5％，366．7％～916．7％；接种Act11和Act12可极显著提高草莓根表、根内A／B及根表B／F、A／F，Act12接种处理根区、根表及根内A／B分别为对照的1．63，1．67及8．8倍，根表、根内A／F分别为对照的3．2，3．3倍，与对照的差异达到了极显著水平（P〈0．01），Act11处理与之类似。②Act11和Act12能在草莓根区、根表土壤和根内定殖，其中根表的定殖密度最大，分别为1．30×10^7和5．76×10^7cfu／g，其定殖率分别为32．3％和92．4％。③Act11和Act12能显著促进草莓根系、匍匐茎及地上部分生长，新根生物量分别较对照增加了31．3％和112．5％，匍匐茎增加了109．4％和168．8％。④Act11和Act12对草莓连作病害有较为明显的防效，在露地试验中的相对防效分别为28．6％和84．7％。【结论】草莓移栽时接种Act11和Act12能显著改善草莓根域微生物生态，促进草莓生长，提高抗病性。

[Objective] The study explored the effects of bio-control and growth promoting after actinomycetes Act11 and Act12 were inoculated,meanwhile investigated the population of microbe in the root domain of strawberry. [Method] Plot tests in unprotected field were carried out to reveal bio-control effects and growth influence,the dilution plate culture was used to show the population of microbe in the root domain of strawberry. [Result] （1）The results indicated that,when Act11 and Act12 were inoculated, the population of microbe was obviously affected, the gross amount of bacteria and actinomycetes in root surface increased by 71.4%- 100.0% and 112.9%- 234.9% respectively compared to control treatment, meanwhile the gross amount of fungi and actinomycetes in roots increased by 70. 3% - 71. 8% and 78.6%-90.2% separately. The ratio of the actinomycetes/bacteria,atinomycetes/fungi,bacteria /fungi at root zone, root surface, roots also increased when Actll and Actl2 were inoeulated,actinomycetes/bacteria in root zone,root surface,roots was 1.63 times,1.67 times and 8.8 times more than control treatment separately, atinomycetes/fungi in root surface and roots increased 3.2 times and 3.3 times respectively. （2） Actll and Act12 could colonize in strawberry＇s root and the soil surroundings,the colonization density of Act11 and Act12 in the root surface was 1.30 × 10^7 cfu/g and 5.76× 10^7 cfu/g respectively,colonization rario was 32.3% and 92.4%. （3）Plot test showed that Act11 and Act12 had good promoting effects on the growth of the bio-mass of strawberry. The new fibre biomass was increased by 31.3% and 112.5% respectively,and the number of stolon was increased by 109.4% and 168.8% separately. （4）Actll and Act12 could obviously control replant disease of strawberry, the relative efficiency in unprotected was 28.6% and 84.7% respectively. [Conclusion] It shows that Act11 and Act12 could ameliorate the micro-ecosystem of the root domain,enhance the disease resistance and improve the biomass of strawberry.