低蛋白质日粮中净能水平和赖氨酸净能比对育肥猪生长性能和胴体品质的影响

Effects of Net Energy Level and Lysine to Net Energy Ratio on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Swines Fed Low Protein Diet

本研究旨在探讨低蛋白质日粮中不同净能水平和赖氨酸净能比对育肥猪生长性能和胴体性状的影响。选用(60.58±2.50)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪360头,随机分为9组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪。试验分为2阶段(第1阶段:60～80 kg;第2阶段:80～100 kg)饲养,2阶段日粮蛋白质水平分别为13.5%和11.2%,并适当补充氨基酸。每个阶段日粮净能水平分别为9.6、10.0和10.3 MJ/kg,60～80 kg阶段的每个净能水平下的赖氨酸净能比分别为0.7、0.8、0.9 g/MJ;80～100 kg阶段的每个净能水平下的赖氨酸净能比分别为0.5、0.6和0.7 g/MJ。结果表明:在60～80 kg阶段,不同净能水平对平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比有显著或极显著的影响(P<0.05或P<0.01);在80～100 kg阶段,不同净能水平和赖氨酸净能比对日增重、平均日采食量和料重比的影响均差异不显著(P<0.05);从全期(60～100 kg)来看,不同净能水平和赖氨酸净能比对平均日增重有显著的影响(P<0.05),但不同净能水平和赖氨酸净能比对胴体品质的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。净能和赖氨酸净能比的交互作用在各指标上均表现为差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑净能水平和赖氨酸净能比,育成猪低蛋白质日粮的适宜净能水平为10.3 MJ/kg,赖氨酸净能比在60～80 kg和80～100 kg阶段分别为0.9和0.6 g/MJ较合适。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of net energy （NE） levels and lysine （Lys） to NE ratio （Lys/NE） on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of the finishing swines fed low crude protein diet. Three hundred and sixty swines with average body weight of （60.58 ± 2.50） kg were randomly allotted to 9 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 swines per replicate. This experiment had 2 stages. The finishing swines were fed with 13.5% protein and amino acid supplemented diets in the first stage （60-80 kg）, with 3 levels of NE （9.6, 10.0 and 10.3 MJ/kg） and 3 levels of Lys/NE （0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 g/MJ）. The finishing swines were fed with 11.2% protein and amino acid supplemented diets in the second stage （80-100 kg）, with 3 levels of NE （9.6, 10.0 and 10.3 MJ/kg） and 3 levels of Lys/NE （0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 g/MJ）. The results showed as follows： in 60-80 kg stage, the different level of NE significantly increased the average daily gain （ADG）, average daily feed intake （ADFI） and feed to gain ratio （F/G） （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） ; in 80-100 kg stage, there were no significant differences on ADG, ADFI and F/G among different NE and Lys/NE groups （P〉0.05） ; in the overall （60-100 kg） stage, the different level of NE and Lys/NE significantly increased the ADG （P〈0.05）, but there were no significant differences on carcass characteristics （P〉0.05）. There were no significant interaction effects of NE and Lys/NE on all indices （P〉0. 05）. Comprehensive consideration of growth performance and carcass characteristics, the NE level of 10.3 MJ/kg and Lys/NE level of 0.9 （60-80 kg stage） and 0.6 g/MJ （80-100 kg stage） were suitable for finishing swines fed with low protein diet.