压力仪表传动机构的优化设计

Research on Optimal Design of Transmission Mechanism on Pressure Meter

压力仪表的传动机构是将弹性元件产生的微小位移进行变换放大,然后由指针的转角指示被测压力值。在传统的仪表传动机构设计中,没有考虑弹性元件的位移和传动机构自身的非线性,使其压力指示值与实际压力之间存在较大误差。以仪表弹性元件封头中心位移为基础,从提高压力表的整个传动环节的传动精度为目的,针对压力仪表传动原理及结构上存在的问题,对弹性元件位移的非线性和传动机构自身的非线性进行拟合处理,建立了以提高传动精度为目标的优化设计数学模型,并用MATLAB5.0语言编制了优化计算程序,求出了曲柄连杆二杆组对弹簧管的非线性位移进行非线性补偿时的最优结构参数。压力表误差分析表明:通过对压力仪表传动机构的优化设计,可有效地克服弹性元件和传动机构非线性特性所造成的误差,是提高压力仪表精度和工艺水平的有效措施。

The transmission mechanism of manometer is to magnify and transform the small displacement generated by elastic components,and then the pressure value is indicated by the deflection angle of the pointer. The error between the indicated and actual pressure value can be large because of not considering well the displacement of the elastic component and the inherent non-linearity of transmission mechanism in its traditional design. In order to increase the transmission accuracy,based on center displacement of elastic instrument components,aiming at the problems of principal and structure of manometer,the elastic component and transmission non-linearity is fitted,the mathematic models is constructed. Optimum program is worked out by MATLAB5.0,the optimal parameters to compensate the non-linear displacement of crank link two groups to spring is obtained. The error analysis of manometer shows that it is an efficient method to reduce the errors caused by the elastic components and the non-liner characteristic of transmission mechanism through the optimized design.