老年缺牙患者口腔健康与牙缺失情况调查分析

An Investigation on Oral Health of Elderly Patients with Lost Teeth

目的:全面了解老年修复患者口腔组织特点,为老年人群的修复工作提供有针对性的基础性资料,进一步指导老年人的修复工作。方法:采用临床检查的方法,内容包括缺失牙情况、余留牙的健康状况、咬合状况等。结果:1.老年患者人均缺牙11.7颗,KennedyⅠ类、Ⅱ类占全部缺失类型的62.7%;2.缺失牙位最多的前三位牙齿分别为上颌第一磨牙、上颌第二磨牙、下颌第一磨牙;3.咬合牙对数平均为4.66对,咬合接触最多的牙位是尖牙,其次是侧切牙和切牙;4.19.7%的老年患者口腔卫生较差,55.6%的患者存在食物嵌塞,46.3%口腔中的牙齿需要进行治疗,指征失牙数平均为1.5颗。结论:1.老年缺牙患者缺牙数量多,咀嚼功能丧失较多;2.口腔卫生普遍不良;3.余留牙的健康状况较差;4.修复条件差,修复前需进行必要的调牙合。

Objectives： This investigation is to find out the oral health situation of elderly patients with lost teeth and provide a scientific basis for treatment of elderly patients with lost teeth,in order to improve the life quality of them. Methods： 476 elderly patients with lost teeth were examined about the situation of oral health. Result： （1） The average lost teeth of the elderly is 11.7, and 62.7% of them is free end absence, （2） Most of the top three missing teeth were maxillary first molar, maxillary second molar, mandibular first molar,（3） The average occluding tooth pairs of the elderly patients is 4.66, （4） 19.7% of the elderly patients have poor oral hygiene, 55.6% have food impaction, 46.3% need tooth theatment, the everage indication of the number of missing teeth is 1.5. Conclusion： （1） The number of lost teeth of the elderly is large, and this influenced the masticatory function. （2）Most of the elderly are in poor oral hygiene, （3）The condition of the remaining teeth is poor. （4） Occlusal adjustment is necessary.