老年口腔癌患者外科并发症的治疗

Treatment of surgical complications of elderly oral cancer patients

为了探讨老年口腔癌患者的年龄、术前合并症等对术后并发症发生的影响,对43例老年口腔癌患者(年龄≥60岁)和46例年龄<60岁口腔癌患者的术前合并症及术后并发症的比较,总结和分析了老年口腔癌患者的年龄、术前合并症与术后并发症发生率的关系。老年口腔癌患者术前合并症总发生率为83.7%(36/43),非老年患者为37.0%(17/46)。老年和非老年口腔癌患者发生率最高的合并症为高血压〔44.2%(19/43)、19.6%(9/46)〕。存在并发症的患者术前糖尿病(P=0.0174)、肺部疾病(P=0.0002)、低蛋白血症(P=0.0022)和贫血(P=0.0030)显著高于无并发症的患者。初步研究结果提示,年龄并不是一个影响术后并发症的独立因素,某些术前合并症(糖尿病、肺部疾病、贫血、低蛋白血症)是发生术后并发症的主要高危因素。

To study the surgical complications after the operative treatment for oral cancer in the patients older than 60 years. A total of 89 oral cancer patients were treated,and among them,43 cases were older than 60 years,and 46 cases were younger than 60 years. The age related preoperative complications and postoperative complications were analyzed. The incidence of preoperative complications in the elderly oral cancer patient was 83.7%（36/43） and it was 37.0%（17/46） in the normal group. The incidence of hypertension was the highest 〔44.2%（19/43）,19.6%（9/46）〕. Among the elderly cases that had postoperative complications,the incidence of preoperative complications 〔diabetes mellitus （P=0.017 4）,lung disease （P=0.000 2）,hypoproteinemia （P=0.002 2）,anemia （P=0.003 0）〕 were relatively higher than those in the patients who had no complications. In concluisons,the age is not a single influential factor so far as postoperative complications is concerned. Moreover,several preoperative complications （such as diabetes mellitus,lung disease,hypoproteinemia and anemia） are independently related fo postoperative complications.