腰椎融合术后相邻节段的退变与临床疗效的关系

Relationship between adjacent segment degeneration and clinical outcome after lumbar spine fusion

[目的]研究腰椎融合术后相邻节段的退变对临床疗效的影响。[方法]随机选取解放军总医院第一附属医院骨科自1998年1月～2006年1月间收治的472例腰椎后路椎弓根螺钉系统内固定、椎间及后外侧植骨融合术患者,436例患者得到了随访。平均随访时间58.13个月(26～114个月),病人根据融合节段的多少分为3组:1个节段、2个节段、3个及3个以上节段。腰椎节段的退变等级根据UCLA椎间隙退变等级标准,临床疗效的判定根据侯树勋等制定的标准。[结果]58例患者出现了ASD,其中A组14例,B组27例,C组17例。发生在融合节段以上者49例,融合节段以下者9例。A组的14例患者中,ASD发生节段UCLA等级全部都是增加1级。B组的27例患者中,16例患者UCLA等级增加1级,7例患者增加了2级,4例患者增加了3级。C组的17例患者中,4例患者增加1级,8例患者增加了2级,5例患者增加了3级。临床疗效方面,A组有7例患者疗效等级下降1级。B组的27例患者中,13例患者疗效等级下降1级,6例患者疗效等级下降2级。C组的17例患者中,10例患者疗效等级下降1级,6例患者疗效等级下降2级。[结论]ASD的发生率越高,临床疗效越差,但两者之间无明显相关。腰椎内固定融合时,尽量避免多节段固定融合。

[Objective] To determine the relationship between the adjacent segment degeneration（ASD）and the clinical outcome after lumbar spine fusion.[Methods]Totally 436 patients undergoing posterolateral lumbar fusion were followed up for 58.13 months（26114 months）.The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the number of the fusion segments：1 segment,2 segments and 3 or more segments.UCLA grading scale was used to evaluate the degeneration of the adjacent segments.Cinical outcome was evaluated according to the criteria established by Hou SH.[Results]Adjacent segment degeneration（ASD）occurred in 58 patients,including 14 in group A,27 in group B and 17 in group C.Forty-nine patients had their ASD above the fusion level and 9 below the fusion level.For all the 14 patients in group A,the degenerative grade increased by 1 grade.Of the 27 patients in group B,16 increased by 1 grade,7 by 2 grades,and 4 by 3 grades.Of the 17 patients in group C,4 increased by 1 grade,8 by 2 grades and 5 by 3 grades.For the clinical outcome,7 patients in group A increased by 1 grade.In group B,13 patients increased by 2 grade and 5 patients increased by 3 grades.For the clinical effect degrees,7 cases decreased by 1 degree in group A.In group B,13 cases decreased by 1 degree and 6 decreased by 2 degrees.[Conclusion]No significant relationship was found between the adjacent segment degeneration and the clinical outcome.Careful attention is needed for avoidance of multi-segmental fusion.