可注射性纳米羟基磷灰石、壳聚糖复合材料修复骨缺损的实验研究

Experimental study of injectable nano-hydroxyapatite/ chitosan composite on repairing of bone defect

目的:观察可注射性羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合材料对兔桡骨骨缺损修复效果。方法:18只新西兰白兔双侧桡骨中段建立长度为10mm节段性缺损,将可注射性纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合材料植入一侧骨缺损作为实验组,另一侧植入单纯羟基磷灰石材料作为对照组,于第4、8、12周末,分别行大体、X线检查、组织学、电镜检测,观察该材料对骨缺损的修复效果。结果:①大体观察、X线检查提示:实验组骨痂生长良好,骨缺损完全修复,对照组骨缺损部分修复,部分骨皮质不连续。②组织形态学:术后12周,实验组新生骨皮质连接完整,髓腔完全再通;对照组少量新生骨形成,部分纤维组织填充③电镜检查:12周实验组材料基本降解,被新生骨组织替代。结论:可注射性纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合材料骨缺损修复能力较单纯羟基磷灰石好,具有确实的骨缺损修复能力。

Objective： To explore repair effects of injectable nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan （nHAJCS） composite on radius bone defect. Methods： Bone defect with the length of 10 mm were created on the middle of each radius of 18 New Zealand white rabbits, the defects was filled with the nHA/CS composite as treatment group, while the others were filled with hydroxyapatite （HA） as control. The ability of repairing bone defect was evaluated by gross observation, X-ray, histopathological and SEM 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation. Results： （1） The gross and X-ray showed that, in treatment group, the callus grew well and bone defect was repaired completely, oppositely, in control group, bone defect was repaired partly, with some nonunion. （2） Histomorphology showed that, the new formed bone in treatment group was confirmed integral and the medullary cavity recanalized after 12 weeks, however, a little of new bone formed in the control group, accompanied with connective tissues growing into the defects. （3） Under the SEM, materials was replaced by newly formed bone after 12 weeks in treatment group. Conclusions： The nHA/CS has better ability of bone repairing than that of the HA.