食物特异性IgG检测在儿童常见慢性疾病中的应用分析

Detection of serum food-specific IgG in several common chronic diseases in children

目的:探索引起本地区儿童食物不耐受的主要食物致敏源,为儿童常见慢性疾病的病因诊断、预防和治疗提供新的实验室参考依据.方法:以变态反应科、皮肤科、儿科和呼吸科门诊就诊的87例患儿为研究对象,采用食物不耐受体外检测试剂盒(ELISA方法)检测患儿血清中14种食物特异性IgG抗体,并对其结果进行统计分析.结果:87例门诊患儿中,食物特异性IgG阳性总阳性率为86.2%(75/87).牛奶、鸡蛋/蛋白/蛋黄、小麦3种食物的特异性IgG阳性率位居前3位,其次分别为大米、大豆、虾、螃蟹、西红柿、牛肉、玉米、鳕鱼、蘑菇、鸡肉、猪肉.IgG浓度分级结果表明,除鳕鱼外,各种食物均以引起轻度不耐受(IgG浓度+1级)为主.IgG阳性患儿中,对1～2种食物不耐受者居多,占IgG阳性升高患儿的69.33%(52/75).除男性患儿虾的IgG阳性百分比显著高于女性患儿(P<0.05)外,其余各种食物的IgG阳性百分比在不同性别间均无显著性差异.结论:牛奶、鸡蛋/蛋白/蛋黄和小麦是本地区患儿食物不耐受最常见的主要致敏源,儿童尤其是已有相应一些临床症状的患儿食物不耐受发生率较高,食物特异性IgG抗体检测对儿童一些常见慢性疾病的治疗和预防具有重要意义.

AIM：To investigate the main types of food allergen in children in Urumqi and provide a new instruction for therapy and prevention of food intolerance in children.METHODS：A total of 87 patients were enrolled,whose age ranged from 4 months to 14 years old.In this study 14 food-specific IgG antibodies in serum were detected by ELISA assay and all the food allergens included in this test were milk,egg,wheat,rice,soybean,shrimp,crab,tomato,beef,corn,codfish,mushroom,chicken and pork.RESULTS：The positive rates of the 14 food allergens,listed from high to low,were milk（56.32%）,egg（44.83%）,wheat（32.18%）,rice（13.79%）,soybean（13.79%）,shrimp（11.50%）,crab（9.20%）,tomato（8.04%）,beef（5.75%）,corn（5.75）,codfish（3.45）,mushroom（3.45）,chicken（2.30）,pork（1.15%）.Except that the positive rate of shrimp was found higher in males than in females,the positive rates of the other 13 food were not significantly different in sex.CONCLUSION：Milk,egg and wheat are the main types of food allergen in urumqi and the positive rate of food intorlerance in children was high.Detection of food-specific IgG in serum was significant for therapy and prevention for common chronic diseases in children.