睡莲与梭鱼草的生理特性及脱氮除磷比较

Comparison of Physiological Traits and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removals of Nymphaea tetragona and Pontederia cordata

测定了6个净化槽(各水培植物20棵;睡莲、梭鱼草各设3个平行槽)植物根POD、CAT活性与叶片Chl、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量及对应时间的各槽水质指标,同时测定了植物生物量与植株大小及氮磷含量,统计了分蘖数量与根密度,比较了2种植物的生理特性及脱氮除磷,另设空白槽对照(CK)。结果表明:2种植物根POD活性、叶片Chla、Chlb、SP含量差异显著,而根CAT活性差异不显著;睡莲根POD、CAT活性分别较梭鱼草高0.0757 U/(g.min)、0.084 3 mg/(g.min),而叶片Chla、Chlb、SP含量分别低0.188 6 mg/g0、.044 3 mg/g、24.079 5 mg/g;其根较梭鱼草长,而茎、叶略短;分蘖数量、根密度、生物量比梭鱼草低;根、茎、叶氮磷含量分别较梭鱼草根、茎、叶低1.88 g/kg与0.30 g/kg3、.07 g/kg与0.54 g/kg4、.22 g/kg与0.59 g/kg;睡莲槽TP、溶P去除较梭鱼草槽低15.84%、13.54%,而TN、NH4+-N去除高13.83%、15.60%。

Two aquatic plants axe hydroponics cultivated in 6 tanks （three parallel tanks for each plant） with same planting density of 20, to investigate physiological traits of plants and main physical and chemical traits of effluents. Nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） contents and dimension of plants axe measured. Biomass, tillers and roots densities of plants are also measured. Analysis on physiological traits of plants and N and P removals of effluents during the treatment for heavy polluted river water is conducted, another tank without planting for contrast （CK）. Results show POD activities of roots, Chla, Chlb and SP contents of leaves between two plants all varied significantly, while CAT activities of roots did not. POD and CAT activities of roots of Nymphaea tetragona exceeds Pontederia cordata by 0. 075 7 U/（g. rain） and 0. 084 3 mg/（g, rain）, while Chla, Chlb and SP contents of leaves of Pontederia cordata exceeded Nymphaea tetragona, by 0. 188 6 mg/g, 0. 044 3 mg/g and 24. 079 5 mg/g. Roots lengths of Nymphaea tetragona, are longer than Pontederia cordata, while stems and leaves lengths are shorter, and tillers, roots densities, biomass are lower than Pontederia cordata. N and P contents of roots, sterns and leaves of Nymphaea tetragona, are lower than Pontederia cordata by decreasing 1.88 g/kg and 0.30 g/kg, 3.07 g/kg and 0.54 g/kg, 4.22 g/kg and 0.59 g/kg. TP and soluble P removals of the tanks axe lower than tanks with Pontederia cordata by declining 15.84% and 13.54%, while TN and NH4^＋ -N removals exceeded 13.83% and 15.60%.