“利己、利他与互利”:达尔文进化论的新发展——纪念《物种起源》发表150周年

“Egoism,altruism and reciprocal altruism”:the latest development in darwin' evolution theory——In commemoration of the 150^(th)anniversary of darwin's the origin of species

达尔文自然选择学说揭示了生物有机体的竞争进化,却无法解释个体间的利他与合作行为.20世纪下半叶,随着生物学家对动物利他与合作行为的研究,逐渐揭示了生物有机体利己与利他、竞争进化与合作进化的关系,进一步补充和完善了自然选择学说,推动了达尔文进化论的新发展.

Although Darwin＇s natural selection theory reveals the competitive evolution of the organisms, it can not explain the altruistic and cooperative behavior of individual organisms. In the second half of the 20th century, with biologists＇ researches on altruism and cooperation in animal behavior, it gradually reveals the relationship of biological organism＇s egoism and altruism, the relationship of competitive evolution and cooperative evolution. The researches have improved the natural selection theory, and have promoted the latest developments in Darwin＇s evolution theory.