由文化堕距理论解读城市化对环境问题的影响

Urbanization and Environmental Issues:A Decipherment of Cultural Lag Theory

城市化与环境问题一直是众多学者关注的问题,其中不乏真知灼见。但笔者以为,作为文化形态之一的城市化如果能够被置放在文化变迁的动态性中来研究,尤其是以文化堕距的理论来把握和审视,必然会获得一些更加宽泛、更加理性、也更加多元化的理解视角。由此可见,我国社会转型期一些城市在发展过程中,物质文化与非物质文化之间的差距、制度与观念之间的差距是城市化过程中出现众多环境问题的主要原因。

Urbanization and environmental issues have been much concerned by scholars, among which there are surely profound insights. However, in this paper we provide an angle of view from the dynamic cultural transformation to study urbanization as the latter is a form of culture. Specifically, this essay argues that we can obtain some wider, more rational and diversified perspectives when we scrutinize it from the cultural lag theory. It also concludes that the main causes of environmental problems during urbanization of China are the differences between material culture and non-material culture, and that between institution and conception.