玉竹的组织培养与快速繁殖

Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.) Druce

以玉竹[Polygonatum odoratum（Mill.）Druce]根状茎、叶片和茎段为外植体,于附加不同激素配比的MS培养基中诱导愈伤组织、不定芽和不定根,探讨增殖培养和植株再生的条件。结果表明,叶片和茎段外植体诱导愈伤组织和芽的分化率很低;而根状茎外植体易于培养,有较高的诱导率和增殖倍数,其愈伤组织、不定芽和不定根的诱导率分别可达87%、90%和99%以上。适宜根状茎外植体愈伤组织诱导的培养基为MS＋1.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L NAA,有利于增殖和丛生芽分化的培养基为MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L IBA和MS＋3.0 mg/L6-BA＋0.1 mg/L NAA,而1/2MS＋3.0-5.0 mg/L NAA适宜诱导试管苗生根培养。试管苗的移栽成活率可达85%以上。

The explants from the rhizome,the leaf blade and the stem of Polygonatum odoratum were cultured on MS media containing different phytohormones.The results showed that rhizome tissue was the most ideal explant for inducing calli and buds,while it was difficult to induce callus from leaf blade tissue or stem tissue.MS＋1.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L NAA was the optimal medium for callus induction from rhizomes;Both MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L IBA and MS＋3.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.1 mg/L NAA were suitable for the induction of calli and the differentiation of advantitious buds,and the latter one was more suitable for the differentiation and the growth of buds.1/2MS＋3.05.0 mg/L NAA was the ideal medium for root induction.The induction rate of callus,bud and root were 87%,90% and 99% respectively.The survival rate of plantlets after transplanting was more than 85%.