不同类型花生品种籽仁部位抗氧化能力及功能成分研究

Study on the Anti-oxidation Function and Functional Compositions in Parts of Kernel of Different Peanut Varieties

以抗活性氧活力单位、抗超氧阴离子活力单位、总抗氧化活力单位、总黄酮含量、维生素C含量、蛋白质含量和色素含量等为指标,研究了白皮花生、红皮花生、黑皮花生、彩色花生、普通花生等14个不同类型花生品种籽仁各部位的抗氧化能力及抗氧化物质含量,并分析了相互间的关系。结果表明,花生品种的抗氧化性存在显著的品种差异,籽仁各部位的抗氧化能力各品种间有很大差异。黑色花生、彩色花生、红皮花生、白沙1016号和花育22号具有较强的抗氧化能力。不同花生品种籽仁中总黄酮、VC、游离氨基酸总量和色素含量,表现为基因型间差异;相同品种不同籽仁部位各抗氧化物质含量差别较大,种皮中总黄酮和VC含量较高,游离氨基酸总量以胚中较高,色素含量最低的并不是种皮颜色较浅的白色花生。样品的抗氧化活性与总氨基酸和总黄酮含量间呈显著正相关,蛋白质含量与抗氧化能力和总黄酮含量间呈极显著的负相关。据此可以认为,花生籽仁的抗氧化活性与总黄酮含量、蛋白质含量有关。

The antioxidation capacities and relationship of 14 various colors peanut were investigated in this manuscript through examining the active oxygen resistance reactivity units （AORRU）, superoxide anion resistance reactivity units （SARRU）, total antioxidant reactivity units （ TARU ）, flavonoid compounds, Vc contents, protein contents and pigments concentrations. Significantly differences were observed in the peanut varieties and in different parts of same peanut kernel. The main results were achieved： （1）There were genotype differences in flavonoid compounds, Vc contents, protein contents and pigments concentrations of peanut kernel; （2） the highest flavonoid compounds and Vc contents in seed coats; （3）highest free amino acids content in embryo; （4） the pigments concentrations in seed coat of white peanut was not the lowest. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the antioxidation capacities of peanut were significantly positive related to the total free amino acids content and the flavonoid compounds, but the protein content shown negative role on the antioxidation capacities and the flavonoid compounds.