油水重力分离原理及聚结破乳机理初探

Principle of the Oil-Water Gravity Separation and Elementary Researches on Coalescent Demulsification

对油水重力分离的基本原理进行了阐述,并对油水乳状液聚结破乳机理进行了探讨。分析表明,从浅池原理和聚结原理入手,可对分离器的结构和聚结板的材料进行优化,以提高其流动特性以及分离性能;若有效地分离油水两相,必须施加外力场,使得坚固的界面膜削弱并破坏,促进其聚结破乳;应根据聚结破乳发生的条件对分离器的结构进行优化,以保证其具有优良的水力特性。

The basic principle of oil-water gravity separation was described, and some elementary researches on the coalescent demulsification mechanism of oil-water emulsion were conducted. The result shows that the structure of separators and the materials of coalescent plates could be optimized to raise their flow characteristics and separation performance based on the shallow pool and coalescent principles. An external force field must be used to weaken and destroy the solid interface film to accelerate coalescent demulsification in order to separate oil and water efficiently. The structure of separators should be optimized based on the generation condition of coalescent demulsification for guaranteeing their excellent hydraulic characteristics.