成都市城乡居民膳食组成及营养素的总膳食研究

A STUDY OF DIETARY COMPONENT AND NUTRIENTS IN TOTAL DIET STUDY OF CHENGDU INHABITANT

应用总膳食研究方法对成都市城乡代表人群的膳食组成和16种营养素（碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、视黄醇、硫胺素、核黄素、抗坏血酸、钙、铁、锌、镁、钾、钠、铜、锰、钻）进行了研究。结果表明：城市居民动物性食物消费普遍高于农村，其中，以猪肉为代表的肉类消费仍分别占城乡居民动物性食物消费总量的61．9％和87．6％；城乡代表性膳食组成仍以粮谷类和蔬菜等植物性为主；全市平均及城市多数食物消费水平已超过或接近推荐的2000年膳食目标，但农村与目标差距较大。全市平均及分城乡摄入的热量分别达到RDA的106．9％、102．1％和111．8％；蛋白质分别达到RDA的96．7％、104．7％和91，2％；铁、铜、锰、钴、钠的摄入量较充足，已分别达到我国RDA和WHO提出的ESADDI；但也存在全市平均及分城乡视黄醇当量、硫胺素、核黄素、抗坏血酸、钙、锌、钾均摄入不足以及城市脂肪摄入过高，农村蛋白质质量较差等值得重视的问题。与以往的研究结果比，居民的营养改善不明显。

The dietary component and 16 nutrients(carbohydrate, protein, liquids, retinal, thiamine riboflavin, ascorbic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, potassium, sodium, copper, manganese, cobalt and barium) were studied through the total diet study to the urban and rural representative population in Chengdu. The results indicated that the dietary intake of animal-food in urban areas was higher than that in the rural areas, in which the intakes of pork in urban and rural areas were 61. 9 % and 87. 6 % respectively, and that plantfood(e. g. cereals and vegetables) was still the main component in the diet in the urban and rural areas. The consumption of most of food groups in theurban areas had approached or surpassed the recommended dietary targets in 2000, so did the avearage consumptionin allareas of Chengdu, while that in the rural areas still had a long way to go in comparison of the targets. The intakes of energy in the urban and rural areas and the average intakes were 102.1%, 111. 8 % and 106. 9 % of RDA ropectively, and the intakes of protein were 104.7%, 91.2% and 96.7% of RDA respectively. The intake of iron, copper, manganese, cobalt and sodium was sufficient, which had attained the RDA of Chinese and the ESADI of WHO. However, the intakes of retinol equivalent, thiamine, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, calcium, zinc and potassium were insufficient in the urban and rueal areas, and the intaks of liquids was too high in the urban areas, and the quality of protein was inferior in the rural areas. In comparison of the results in the past study, there wasn't distinct improvement in the nutrition of population in Chengdu.