重大自然灾害应急医疗救援探析

Ethical Issues in Emergency Medical Rescue of Major Natural Disaster

现代医学伦理的核心原则(即自主原则、不伤害原则、行善原则和公正原则),在处理医务人员与患者之间的伦理关系中发挥了重要作用,但在应对重大自然灾害时,则表现出明显的局限性。本文具体分析了现代医学伦理的四个核心原则,与重大自然灾害应急医疗救援中伦理关系的冲突,并提出对医学伦理关系的判断,不仅要立足于患者的价值取向,还要依据医务人员的价值判断和资源利用的效益评估,从而构建更加科学合理、和谐有序的医学伦理关系。

The core principles of modem medical ethics play an important role in handling the ethnical relationship between clinical staffs and patients. However, these principles showed obvious limitation when in response to major natural disasters. The article analyzed the conflicts between the four core principles of modem medicine ethics and the emergency medical aid during major natural disaster. The author also addressed here that medical ethnic judgment should base on not only the value orientation of the patients, but also value judgment of clinical staffs, as well as performance evaluation of resource utilization, which will be helpful to construct a harmonious and orderly more scientific and reasonable medical ethics.