心理社会应激因素的综合评估初探

Primary exploration of comprehensive assessing of psychosocial stress

目的探索心理社会应激的综合评估方法。方法用自编团体用心理社会应激调查表ＰＳＳＧ（含生活事件Ｌ、情绪反应和应对方式各１３、１５和１６条目）测查６１０例样本并结合１０年文献做有关信度和效度分析。结果主成分分析确立消极情绪ＮＥ、积极情绪ＰＥ、消极应对ＮＣ和积极应对ＰＣ四因素，证明其有构思效度；条目—总分相关检验和克伦巴赫α系数显示四因素内部一致性良好；多元回归分析建立起应激总分ＴＳ的计算式；ＴＳ、Ｌ、ＮＥ、ＰＥ、ＮＣ、ＰＣ与ＳＣＬ—９０、ＳＡＳ、ＳＤＳ、健康水平等变量分别作相关检验并结合文献，显示ＰＳＳＧ特别是ＴＳ效标效度良好；ＴＳ、Ｌ、ＮＥ、ＰＥ、ＮＣ、ＰＣ四周重测信度分别为０．８８、０．７０、０．８３、０．６２、０．８０、０．６２。结论ＰＳＳＧ有一定的信度和效度，可选择在应激总分、应激因素分（特别ＮＣ。

Objective To explore methods of comprehensive assessing of psychosocial stress.Methods The psychosocial stress survey for groups(PSSG),a selfdeveloped questionnaire consisted of 13 items of life events(L),15 items of emotional experience and 16 items of coping styles,was administered to 610 cases to assess its reliability and validity.Some papers in last years were analysed,too. Results The factor analysis obtained life events(L),negative emotion(NE),positive emotion(PE),negative coping (NC) and positive coping (PC).The itemtotal score correlation and Corombach's alpha for NE,PE,NC and PC were moderate.A total score(TS) of“stress”was obtained by multiple regression analysis.The correlation coefficient for predictors(TS,L,NE,PE,NC and PC) vs criterion variables(SCL90,SDS,SAS and health state),respectively,and the evidence from some papers in last years,demonstrated that criterion validity of PSSG,especially TS,was moderate.Testretest correlation for TS,L,NE,PE,NC and PC within 4 weeks interval were 0.88,0.70,0.83,0.62,0.80 and 0.62. Conclusions The results showed that PSSG,including TS and some factor's score or items,can be used to assess group's psychosocial stress levels in mental health research.