宣城市1990～2008年甲型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析

Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of Hepatitis A from 1990 to 2008 in Xuancheng City

目的研究宣城市甲肝流行特征,为制定全市甲肝预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对宣城市1990～2008年甲肝疫情资料进行流行病学分析。结果1990～2008年宣城市甲肝年均发病率为65.40/10万,发病率由1991年的241.15/10万降至2008年的2.00/10万;甲肝在病毒性肝炎中的构成比也从1991年的65.41%下降到2008年的4.91%。病例以青少年为主,呈现主要感染年龄组逐渐由低年龄组向高年龄组转移的现象;男性发病明显高于女性(1.60∶1)。发病以农民、学生、工人和散居儿童占绝大多数,但学生和散居儿童所占比例则逐渐下降;全年均有发病,春季高峰逐渐被削平。结论宣城市甲肝防制已取得明显成效。今后在做好低龄组儿童甲肝疫苗免疫接种的同时,还应注重青壮年等大年龄组人群的接种。

Objective To study the epidemic features of Hepatitis A,and provide scientific evidence for developing control measures against Hepatitis A.Methods Epidemiological analysis were conducted on the data of hepatitis A collected from 1990 to 2008.Resuhs The average incidence was 65.40/100,000 from 1990 to 2008 and it dropped from 241.15/100,000 in 1991 to 2.00/100,000. The constituent ratio of hepatitis A in viral hepatitis declined from 65.41%in 1991 to 4.91% in 2008.Most cases were young, but with the trend of shifting to older age group.There were more male cases than female cases （1.60： 1）.The infected people were mainly peasants, students,workers and children dispersed but the proportion of students and children dispersed was gradually declining. There was no obvious season peak for the incidence of hepatitis A.Conclusion The prevention and control measures of hepatitis A proved to be successful in Xuancheng.In future young adults should be vaccinated of hepatitis A vaccine while the vaccinating for young children proceeded.