高压水热体系中氧逸度/活度测量与控制技术的回顾与展望

Review of Oxygen Fugacity Sensors and Control Techniques Used in High-Pressure Hydrothermal Systems and Their Prospects

高压水热体系在科学实验、工业过程和自然界中广泛存在。氧逸度/活度是高压水热体系最基本的物理化学参数之一,经常控制着体系的物质形态、性状以及过程的发生与发展,因此对高压水热体系氧逸度/活度的测量与控制具有极为重要的意义。本文首先对目前国际上流行的各种高压水热体系氧逸度/活度测量与控制技术从原理和基本特点等方面作了详细的介绍,接着对各种技术的优、缺点作了比较与评价,文末对未来高压水热科学与技术领域氧逸度/活度测量与控制技术的发展趋势作出了展望。

High-pressure hydrothermal systems （HHSs） occur on many occasions, such as scientific experimenta- tions, and industrial and natural processes. Oxygen fugacity/activity is one of the basic physicochemical parameters of HHSs. It frequently controls the composition species, state and properties of HHSs, and influences the happening and evolution of many HHSs＇ processes. Therefore, oxygen fugacity measurement and control are critically important for HHSs. From the point of view of working principles and main features, various oxygen fugacity/activity sensors and control techniques popularly used in HHSs were first introduced in this study. Then the superiorities and weaknesses of various methods were commented. At the end, the prospects for the future development of oxygen fugacity/ activity sensors and control techniques in hydrothermal science and technology were presented.