用“马式”训练理论对三级跳远赛前训练中设计与实验的研究——对南京理工大学高水平运动员刘璐训练的个案分析

Research Design for pre-season training of the triple jump with Matveyev Theory A Case Study of Liu Lu,a high-level athlete from Nanjing University of Science and Technology

运用前苏联马特维耶夫周期性训练理论,对南京理工大学高水平运动员刘璐,设计三级跳远赛前训练模式,进行了实验干预,具体操作为:采用93%—95%的综合强度进行训练,不仅有助于三级跳远技术的改进,同时还有助于专项能力的提高,从而实现专项最终成绩目标。由此提出了:设计三级跳远赛前练习手段的理论依据,是建立在赛前训练模式上即:前三天、后三天,加上最后一天作为一个小周期,行程21天提高3%的规律。无论过去和现在是否处于最佳竞技状态,对所控制的指标手段测试成绩只是反映当时的能力,而不是以个人目的和目标为依据。实验结果,该同学专项成绩由起始时的15.33m提高至16.10m,且获得2009年4月华东赛区4省一市三级跳远(专业队)第一名。

This paper aims to design a pre -season training mode of triple jump for the high - level athlete, Liu Lu from Nanjing University of Science and Technology by using the contemporary athletic training theory developed by the former Soviet Union expert Matveyev. The result shows that the use of 93% -95% integrated intensity of training can not only help to improve the techniques of triple jump, but also contribute to the enhancement of specific capacity, thus achieving the ultimate goal. This paper indicates that the theoretical basis for the design of exercise method is based upon the training mode, namely, a training period of 21 days which ineludes several small cycles can improve the performance by 3%, and each small cycle can be separated into three phases： the first three days, the following three days and the last day. It also shows that whether the athlete is in the best competitive state, the scores tested under the control of the indicator means simply reflect the athlete＇s capacity at the time, rather than the expected objectives the individual targets to attain. And the experimental results reveal that the athlete won the first place in the triple jump competition （professional team） held in East Division of four provinces and one city in April 2009.