食管癌高发区食管不同病变患者发微量元素研究

Study of trace elements in the hair of patients with various esophageal lesion in high risk area of esophageal carcinoma

目的研究不同食管病变人群头发中部分微量元素的变化，探索微量元素在食管癌发病过程中的作用以及它们间的关系。方法食管癌高发区正常人６０名，食管不同病变患者１２６人，按病变程度分组，用原子吸收分光光度法和荧光法测定头发中铜、锌、铁、钙、硒等微量元素。结果头发锌测定结果：正常人与有食管不同病变者相比，均有显著差异，（Ｐ＜０．０１），单纯性增生与早期癌（原位癌、早期浸润癌）、晚期浸润癌之间有差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；铜：正常人与非典型增生、早期癌（原位癌、早期浸润癌）晚期浸润癌之间均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而锌、铜在早期癌与晚期浸润癌患者之间均无差异；铜锌比值随病变进展逐渐增大；硒：各类食管病变患者均低于正常人，铁与钙则随病程进展，含量呈下降趋势。结论食管癌患者发锌与发铜均伴随病情进展而变化，锌呈负相关，铜呈正相关，发中铜锌比值具有重要诊断价值。

Objective To study the changes of trace elements in the hair of various esophageal lesion and discuss the effect of trace elements in the process of esophageal carcinoma and the relationship between them.Methods The hair of 60 normal people and that of 126 patients were collected. The patients were divided into groups according to their pathologic changes.The atomic absorption,sectrophotometry and fluorescence methods to measure the trace elements of copper, zinc, iron, calcium and selenium.Results Zinc in the hair of various patients: Remarkable difference were hund between the normal people and the patients(P<0.01). There is certain difference between simple hyperplasia and cancer. Asfor copper, great difference exists between the normal people and the patients with dysphagia and cancer(P<0.05).The is no change of zinc and copper in the cancer patients. The ratio of zinc and copper increases with the development of the pathologic change. The selenium in the patients was below the normal people while the iron and calcium in the patients drops with the development of pathologic process.Conclusion The zinc and copper in the hair changes with the development of pathologic process. zinc reveals positive correlation while copper shows negative correlation. The ratio of copper and zinc in the hair is of great diagnostic value.