氯苯对四种海洋生物的急性毒性研究

Acute Toxicity of Chlorobenzene to Four Marine Aquatic Animals

采用半静水法研究了氯苯对三疣梭子蟹、黄姑鱼、脊尾白虾和菲律宾蛤仔4种海洋生物的急性毒性作用。试验结果表明，在海水pH7．9～8．2、水温24．1～24．5℃、盐度27．8～29．2条件下，氯苯对三疣梭子蟹、黄姑鱼、脊尾白虾和菲律宾蛤仔的96hLC50分别为52、15、0．39、91mg／L。综合氯苯对4种海洋生物的毒性机理和急性毒性数据，氯苯对海洋生物的毒性依次为：脊尾白虾〉黄姑鱼〉三疣梭子蟹〉菲律宾蛤仔。氯苯对三疣梭子蟹、黄姑鱼、脊尾白虾和菲律宾蛤仔的安全质量浓度分别为0．52、0．15、0．0039、0．91mg／L。

The acute toxicity of chlorobenzene to swimming crab （Portuns trituberculatus）, yellow drum （Nibea albi flora ）, shrimp（Exopalaernon carinicauda ）and short-necked clam（Ruditapes philippinarurn ） was determined by low-hydrostatic method in a laboratory. It was found that 96h LCs0 was 52, 15, 0.39 mg/L and 91 mg/L for the swimming crab, yellow drum, the shrimp and clam in the sea water with pH= 7. 9~8.2, a temperature of 24.1~24.5℃, and a salinity of 27.8~29.2. The acute toxicity of ehloroben- zene to the four marine aquatic animals was arranged in a descend order as the following： shrimp 〉 yellow drum 〉 swimming crab 〉 short-necked clam. The safety concentrations of chlorobenzene were 0. 52, 0.15, 0. 0039 mg/L and 0.91 mg/L for swimming crab, yellow drum, the shrimp and short-necked clam, respectively.