跨文化心理学视野中的心理健康

On Mental Health in the Perspective of Cross-cultural Psychology

西方主流心理学的"科学"传统为心理健康的理解和测量制定了"放之四海而皆准"的标准,但是随着跨文化心理学的兴起,研究者们开始反思心理健康的标准是否具有文化普适性,文化与心理疾病有什么关系;在不同文化背景中人们如何理解心理健康;尝试减轻心理痛苦的手段是否植根于文化之中。本文通过对民族、文化与心理健康之间关系的思考,试图对我国民族地区学校心理健康教育的开展提供帮助。

In the West, the mainstream science of psychology has traditionally set up universally applicable standards for understanding and judging mental health. However, with the rise of cross-cultural psychology, researchers began to question that 1 ） whether the standards for mental health are culturally applicable, and what is the relation between culture and mental diseases; 2） how to understand mental health for people living in different cultural backgrounds; and 3 ） whether the methods to try to reduce mental pains are rooted in culture. This paper intends to make reflections on relations between nationality, culture and mental health in order to offer some help for carrying out mental health education at schools in ethnic regions in China.