关于生态补偿正当性的思考——以受补偿主体行为的性质为视角

Just Payment for Ecosystem Service——in the Perspective of Targeted Activities Character

生态补偿实践以受补偿主体提供生态服务为前提,但是通过研究美国相关司法案例的发展史及其变化,发现受补偿主体的行为性质难以确定为"损害"或"增进利益","损害"和"增进利益"的区分没有统一的客观标准,不能成为生态补偿正当性的理论基础。生态补偿的正当性由社会条件决定,有其局限性。

There is a premise in ecosystem service payment practices that targeted activities of payment are viewed as providing ecosystem service. Through research on development and change of cases in America, it is difficult to decide ＂harm＂ or ＂benefit promotion＂ for targeted activities character. Distinction between ＂harm＂ and ＂benefit promotion＂ is not uniform, which can not justify ecosystem service payment. Ecosystem service payment should be decided by social context. Ecosystem service payment may promote environmental protection, though it is limited.