水稻秸秆厌氧发酵制氢技术研究

Hydrogen Production with Rice Straw by Anaerobic Fermentation

以水稻秸秆为研究原料,用牛粪为接种物,采用稀硫酸预处理方法来提高秸秆纤维素的降解率,从而提高其发酵产氢的能力,并且进一步考察了发酵初始pH、发酵温度、牛粪与秸秆的质量比和底物浓度四个条件对发酵产氢的影响。实验结果表明:在接种100g/L牛粪的条件下,以1.8%的硫酸加热30min预处理秸秆产氢效果最佳,为19.64mL/gTS,是未经过预处理的秸秆产氢量(0.1mL/gTS)的196倍,粗纤维含量由未处理前的36.7%下降到酸处理后的31.5%。在pH8.0、温度为37℃、牛粪与秸秆质量比为2.5∶1、底物浓度为50g/L时的产氢效果最好,累计产氢量为29.14mL/gTS,此时生物气中没有检测到甲烷气体,氢气浓度达到63.88%。

H2SO4 solution was used in chemical pretreatment of rice straw for improving the degradation rate and hydrogen production in anaerobic fermentation with cow dung as inoculums. The effects of initial pH, temperature, ratio of cow dung and straw and substrate concentration on hydrogen production were also studied. Results showed that under the same inoculation of cow dung 100g/L, heat pretreatment of 1.8% H2SO4 for 30min had remarkable effect on hydrogen production, with 19.64mL/g TS, which was 196 times of those untreated straw with hydrogen production of 0.1mL/g TS, and crude fiber content decreased from 36.7% to 31.5%. The maximum hydrogen productivity was 29.14mL/g TS under the conditions of pH 8.0, temperature 37℃, ratio of cow dung and straw 2.5 ： 1 and substrate concentration 50g/L. There is no methane detected and hydrogen concentration reached 63.88%.