广东节能减排公共政策设计理念变革与实现机制创新

Changes in Design Philosophy and Implementation Mechanism Innovation of the Public Policy of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Guangdong

节能减排对广东经济可持续发展具有重要意义,节能减排环境保护是一种公共利益诉求,具有公共产品性质。节能减排中个人理性与集体理性的矛盾冲突,在很大程度上影响节能减排的实际效果。公共政策的设计理念应该是,寻找符合经济学规律的公共环境保护体制安排,寻找在市场经济条件下,如何让公共政策所代表的集体理性,与市场经济下的个人理性相互协调的有机契合点,以提升公共政策的有效性。主要政策思路是:完善排污权交易制度、推行合同能源管理、并举产业结构调整与完善落后产能退出的激励机制、完善技术创新激励机制等。

Energy saving and emission reduction is a very important policy for sustainable development of Guangdong Economy. Environmental protection by energy saving and emission reduction can satisfy the demand of public interests,which have the nature of public goods. In implementing energy saving and emission reduction,there're conflicts between individual rationality and collective rationality,which largely affects the real impact of the policy. Therefore,a public policy should be designed to promote its effectiveness through seeking the system of public environmental protection in accordance with economical laws,as well as seeking a way to achieve coordination between collective rationality reflected in public policy and individual rationality under market economy. The main principles should include improving emission trading institution,introducing energy management contract,readjusting the industrial structure and improving elimination mechanism of backward production capacity,improving incentive mechanism of technology innovation,etc.