包头钢铁基地创建工程的技术引进研究

A Study of Technology Imports in the Construction of the Baotou Iron and Steel Industry Base

20世纪50年代由苏联援建的包头钢铁基地创建工程是新中国完整工业体系建设过程的一个缩影。本文从选择厂址,勘察地质,搜集设计基础资料,进行设计,供应成套设备,指导施工、安装和生产等方面侧重描述苏联专家所发挥的作用及苏联在包头钢铁基地创建工程中的角色,初步展示了苏联冶金技术向中国转移的过程。认为在建国初期的历史条件下,苏联援建包头钢铁基地,是我国引进技术、设备的成功案例,同时认为其中的诸多经验教训也堪为后来所借鉴。

With the help of the Soviet Unions, the project of the Baotou Iron and Steel Industry Base was built in 1950s and then become an epitome of industrial development of China in the second half of the 20 century This paper puts emphasis on the role of the Soviet Unions＇s experts in such moments of construction of the Baotou Iron and Steel Industry Base as selecting the location of the factory, investigating geological condition, collecting basic design material, designing, supplying package of equipment, installing and producing. In so doing, the transfer process of metallurgical technologies from the Soviet Unions to China is highlighted. It concludes that as a successful case in importing technologies over 50 years ago, the Baotou Iron and Steel Industry Base can still teach some lessons for the later comers.