母牛补饲维生素E和硒对新生犊牛生长和免疫的影响

Effects of supplementary vitamin E and selenium for cows on growth and immune of neonatal calves

本试验选择年龄、胎次、体况评分、预产期相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛40头,随机分成2组,一组自由舔饲维生素E富硒舔砖,一组不补饲舔砖,研究维生素E(VE)和硒对新生犊牛生长和免疫的影响。试验期90 d,从预产前60 d到产后30 d。结果表明,试验组母牛血清中VE的含量在产后12 h显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清中硒的含量在产前30 d和产后12 h高于对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01)。试验组母牛分娩后12 h,血清中IgG、IgM的含量,初乳中IgM、IgG、IgA的含量都显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组犊牛出生后12 h,血清中VE和硒含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),IgG、IgA的含量高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。试验组犊牛初生体质量和体尺显著高于对照组(P<0.05),30日龄体质量和体尺高于对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01)。试验组犊牛的发病率比对照组降低了50%。

Firty Holstein cows with similar age, parity,body condition and the expected calving period were randomly allotted into 2 treatments （control and treatment） to evaluate the effects of vitamin E and selenium on growth and immune of neonatal calves. Cows in treatment licked the brick enriching vitamin E and selenium ad libitum, and cows in control did not feed brick. Experimental period lasted 90 d from 60 d before expected calving to 30 d postpartum. Serum content of vitamin E at 12 h postpartum, is obviously higher in treatment cows than that of control （P〈 0.05）. At 30 d prepartum, 12 h postpartum the serum of content of selenium in treatment cows significantly increased compared with control （P〈0.01）. Serum contens of IgG and IgM at 12 h postpartum and the colostrum content of IgM, IgG and IgA in of treatment were significantly higher （P〈0.05） than those of control. The content of vitamin E and selenium in serum of calves from treament was significantly higher than that from control （P〈0.01）. Meantime,at 12 h postpartum,the content of IgG and IgA in serum of calves form treatment was significantly higher than that＇form control（P〈0.05）. For birth and post-birthing 30 d, weight and body measurement of calves from treatment markedly increased compared with control （P〈0.01）, and incidence of diseases of calves was decreased by 50% than control.