食用色素与化学染料对菊花的染色效应

Effects of edible pigments and chemical dyes on dyeing of cut Dendranthema flowers

探讨了3种食用色素和20种化学染料对菊花的染色效应。结果表明:3种食用色素均能对菊花进行染色,菊花对日落黄在适应性较好,其次为鸡蛋黄,对果绿在适应性较差。20种化学染料中只有7种能对菊花染色,分别为溴酚蓝、铬天青S、溴甲酚绿、甲基蓝、苯酚红、曙红B和红墨水,除红墨水外,其他染色效果都不好,达不到商业应用价值。不同染色剂的染色浓度和时间分别为日落黄12 g/L、5 h,鸡蛋黄12 g/L、5.5 h,果绿10 g/L、6 h,红墨水250 ml/L、4.5 h。切花开放程度大时染色速度快,花枝去叶与否对染色效果影响不明显。染色后的菊花瓶插寿命显著缩短,但能达到切花所要求的6～8 d的观赏期。

In this paper, effects of edible pigments and chemical dyes on dyeing of cut Dendranthema flowers were tested. The results showed that Sunset yellow and Egg yolk color were more suitable for cut Dendranthema flowers than Apple green. Among twenty chemical dyes, only seven kinds were able to dye cut Dendrantherna flowers, they were red ink, Bromophenol blue, Chromazurol S, Bromocresol green, Eosin B, Methyl blue and Phenol red. However, except red ink, effects of other chemical dyes were not good, there were no commercial value. Suitable density and time of different edible and chemical pigments were Sunset yellow（12 g/L, 5 h）, Egg yolk color （12 g/L, 5：5 h）, Apple green （10 g/L, 6 h） and red ink （250 mldL, 5.5 h）. The dyeing speed was fast when cut Dendranthema /lowers opened in a great degree. Flower stems with more or less leaves were not significantly different. The vase life became shorter after dyeing but still had a period of 6-8 days for ornament.