嫩江流域春季解冻期土壤侵蚀对气候变化的响应

Response of Soil Erosion of Spring Thaw Period to Climate Change in Area of Nenjiang River

利用嫩江流域控制站大赉水文站的春季解冻期径流量和输沙量资料和同期嫩江流域16个气象站的气象资料,分析了1963-1988年嫩江流域春季解冻期土壤侵蚀对气候变化的响应。结果表明:随着春季解冻期平均气温的升高,温差呈明显减少趋势,降水呈增加趋势;平均气温和降水量均对径流量的增加有正向作用,但降水较气温对径流的影响更为显著;通过对平均气温、降水量、径流量(包括融雪径流)和输沙量进行偏相关分析,春季解冻期的降水量和径流量对输沙量的影响显著,且为正相关,与平均气温成负相关,但影响不显著。

Based on hydrological data recorded by Dalai Hydrologic Station and the same period of meteorological data by the 16 stations in area of Nenjiang River, we analyzed the climate change of spring thaw period from 1963 to 1988 and its influence on soil erosion. Results show that the trend of temperature appeared a downward trend and increasing trend of precipitation amount, with the average temperature of spring thaw period increasing. The average temperature and precipitation amount has a positive role on the increasing of the river runoff, but the effect of precipitation on river runoff was even more significant than temperature. Passing on the average temperature, precipitation, runoff （including snowmelt runoff） and sediment discharge to partial correlation analysis, spring thaw period of precipitation and river runoff on the impact of sediment discharge was even more significant and positive correlation with the average temperature was negatively correlated, but no significant impact.