甘肃半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区人工植被土壤水分研究

Study on Soil Moisture of Artificial Vegetation in Semiarid Loss Hilly and Gully of Gansu Province

在2007-2008年期间,通过对定西市巉口林场不同人工林及当地的主要退耕还林模式和农田的土壤水分进行定点定期监测,研究分析了生长季节的土壤储水量、土壤水分亏缺量、变化量及土壤水分的垂直变化。研究结果显示:阳坡柠条林和阳坡侧柏林0-200cm的土壤含水量曲线呈现出"<"形状,形成明显浅层土壤干层。隔坡林带土壤储水量无论是季节变化还是垂直变化,均高于其他人工植被类型,说明隔坡林带土壤水分利用的叠加效应明显。此研究将为该地区在植被恢复过程中,综合考虑生态系统水分利用效率,采用合理的群落密度,合理控制群落生产力,保持植物蒸腾耗水和土壤水分补偿之间的水分平衡,维持群落的持续稳产、高产,充分发挥其生态和经济效益提供了科学依据。

Based on the regular monitoring soil moisture on the plantation, conversion of cropland to forestry and farmland in Demonstration Forestry Centre at Chankou from 2006 to 2007, the soil moisture storage, deficit state, the quantity of variety and the variety on soil profile were studied. The result is the soil moisture storage is appeared from high to low as level trench land ） alfaalfa--land 〉 crop--land ） caragana--land 〉 pine--land 〉 almond--land 〉 arborvita--land in 0--200 cm soil layer. The soil moisture storage of level trench land is higher than other vegetations about the season and soil profile variety, so it showed that the level trench land have a great reutilizing soil moisture effect. The variety of Caragana microphylla and Platycladus orientalis＇s soil moisture appears the ＂〈＂ type and obvious soil drying--layer at sunny slope. This paper also gives a scientific guide on the process of renewing the vegetation, the utilization of soil moisture on the ecosystem, keeping the soil moisture balance of artificial vegetation, adopting the suited community density, and reasonable controlling the community productivity in order to keep the sustainable, stable, and high--effective community development, and realize the ecological and economical benefits in this district.