报告基因技术及其在土壤质量监测中的应用

Reporter gene technology and its application in the monitoring of soil quality

报告基因包括lux、gfp、lacZ、inaZ、luc、cat、xylE及uidA等,其中土壤质量监测中最常用的报告基因有lux、gfp、lacZ和inaZ4种。从不同角度比较了土壤质量监测中最常用的上述4种报告基因,简要阐述了应用于土壤质量监测中的微生物监测报告基因的定义、类别、性质及特点,展示了报告基因表达系统的构建方式与检测方法,总结了报告基因技术在监测土壤重金属、污染物质、营养物质等化学物质以及在土壤微生物及其活动、土壤根际微生物与土壤中原生动物、植物间的相互作用等方面的应用。讨论了目前报告基因技术应用的局限性及未来研究方向和重点。

Reporter genes include lux,gfp,lacZ,inaZ,luc,cat,xylE,uidA and so on,in which lux,gfp,lacZ and inaZ genes are the commonly used ones in the monitoring of soil quality. This review firstly compares the above-mentioned four kinds of reporter genes generally used in the monitoring of soil quality from different perspectives,and describes the definition,classifications,characteristics and feature of these reporter genes. This review also reveals the construction of the reporter gene expression system and its detection method,and then summarizes the application of the reporter gene technology in the monitoring of heavy metals,pollutants,nutrients and other chemical compounds in soil,and microbes or their activities,the interactions between soil microbes and protozoan as well as plants in soil,and finally discusses the limitations of the reporter gene technology,and the direction of research and development in the future.