基于综合超前地质预报的隧道施工不良地质预警体系研究

Research on Prewarning System for Unfavorable Geologies in Tunnel Construction Based on Comprehensive Advanced Geological Prediction

隧道施工前方经常遇到岩溶、断层破碎带、富水等不良地质,一旦对这些不良地质重视不够或处治不当,都将给隧道施工带来极大困难,甚至造成人民生命财产的巨大损失。根据预报手段的准确性,把预报分为3类;根据岩溶、断层破碎带及富水地层3种不良地质的规模、大小、特征及其危害程度,将其分为6级。最后,根据不同预报手段的准确性和不良地质的分级,建立基于综合超前地质预报的隧道施工不良地质预警体系,并确立相应的预警距离和处治技术预案。

The construction of tunnels often confronts unfavorable geologies ahead such as karst, fault zones and rich water,etc. ,and the underemphasis or improper treatment for these favorable geologies will lead to great difficulties for construction of tunnels, and even cause great losses of lives and properties. This paper divides the predictions into three categories in accordance with correctness of predicting means;and six levels in accordance with scales, sizes, features and degrees of hazard of karst, fault zones and rich water substrates. Finally the paper sets up a prewarning system for unfavorable geologies in construction of tunnels based on comprehensive advanced geological predictions according to the correctness of different predicting means and classification for unfavorable geologies, and establishes corresponding prewarning distance and pre-arranged plans of treatment technology.