不同年代中国人群高血压病危险因素的Meta分析

Risk Factors for Hypertension in China during Different Times:A Meta-analysis

目的了解中国人群不同年代有哪些危险因素与高血压病相关以及是否存在年代差异。方法通过检索中国知网和PubMed收集1990年至2008年12月发表的所有与高血压病危险因素相关的病例对照研究,并采用Meta分析方法对纳入研究的结果进行定量合并分析,计算其合并OR值及95%CI。然后把所有研究分为2000年之前和之后两组,分别进行合并分析并予以比较。结果共纳入14篇文献,研究了饮酒、吸烟、超体重等危险因素与中国人群高血压病之间的联系。其中超体重、高血压家族史、嗜盐与高血压病相关,其OR(95%CI)分别为3.26(2.87,3.70)、4.79(2.81,8.14)及2.33(1.55,3.51),不同年代亚组合并分析结果亦如此;但尚不能认为吸烟、性格急躁、文化程度与高血压病有关,其合并OR(95%CI)分别为1.20(0.84,1.72)、2.73(0.76,9.82)及1.22(0.51,2.95),且不同年代亚组分析的结果与之相同;虽然病例组与对照组暴露于饮酒因素的比例不同[OR=1.61,95%CI(1.06,2.45)],但不同年代亚组分析的结论并不支持饮酒与高血压有关。结论超体重、高血压家族史、嗜盐与高血压病相关,是高血压病发生的危险因素,而且不同年代的研究结论均如此。

Objective To find out what risk factors are related to hypertension in China, and whether there are differences in studies from different years. Methods We retrieved all of the hypertension-related case-control studies which were published in CNKI and PubMed since 1990 and used meta-analysis to calculate the pooled OR and 95%CI. Then all the studies were divided into two groups according to whether they were published before 2000 or after, and resuits of different group were compared. Results Fourteen studies were included in which the relationship was assessed between hypertension and risk factors such as drinking, smoking, being overweight, and other relevant risk factors. The results of meta-analysis showed that hypertension had a relationship with being overweight, family history of hypertension, and high salt intake. The pooled OR and 95%CI were 3.26 （2.87, 3.70）, 4.79 （2.81, 8.14）, and 2.33 （1.55, 3.51）, respectively. And the same results were obtained in subgroups analysis. The effect of smoking, irritable personality, and literacy between case group and control group showed no significant difference. Their pooled OR values （95%CI） of smoking, irritable personality, and literacy were 1.20 （0.84, 1.72）, 2.73 （0.76, 9,82）, and 1.22 （0.51, 2.95）, respectively, and the same results were obtained in subgroups analysis. Although the effect of drinking between case group and control group showed a difference, its OR value （95%CI） was 1.61 （1.06, 2.45）, and the subgroup analysis showed drinking was not related to hypertension. Condusion Being overweighed, family history of hypertension, and high salt intake have relationship with hypertension, and these conclusions do not differ depending on the time of the studies conducted.