基因芯片技术及其在病原微生物检测和研究中的应用

Application of Gene Chip in Pathogenic Microorganism Detection and Research

基因芯片技术是20世纪90年代发展起来的一项重要的生物技术,具有快速、高效、高通量等优点,可广泛应用于疾病的诊断和治疗、药物基因组图谱、药物筛选、中药物种鉴定、农作物的品种选育、司法鉴定、食品卫生监督、环境监测、国防等许多研究领域。基因芯片技术作为一种高新技术,在病原微生物检测、病毒分型和流行病学调查、致病机制研究、耐药性监测、细菌功能基因组学与细胞微生物学研究以及环境微生物学研究等方面的应用越来越多,并有巨大的应用前景。论文就基因芯片技术的原理、分类、主要技术流程以及在病原微生物检测和研究中的应用进行了阐述。

The gene chip technology is one of the most important biologic technology quickly developed in 1990＇s. The gene chip has many good qualities, such as fast, efficient and high-flux. It can be applied in many research fields, such as diagnosis and treatment of diseases,map of drug genome,drugs screening, species identification of traditional Chinese medicine, breeding of crop selection, judicial appraisal, super- vision of food hygiene, environmental monitoring, defense, etc. As a high and a new technology, the gene chip technology has been successfully applied in pathogenic microorganism detection, virus sub-type and epidemiological investigations, pathogenesis research, drug resistance monitoring, bacterial functional genomics and cell microbiology, as well as areas such as environmental microbiology,and has tremendous application prospects. In this paper, the principle, classification, main technique procedure of the gene chip and its applications in the detection and research of pathogenic microorganism were reviewed.