美国大学、政府和企业合作的角色定位、特征与不足分析

Roles,Features and Shortcomings of University-Government-Enterprise Cooperation in the United States

大学、政府和企业的有效合作可达到科技资源运用的高效率与高效能。探讨了美国大学、政府和企业合作中三者各自的角色定位、合作的特征与不足。认为政府主要是提供完善的法律、政策环境和有力的资金支持,大学主要为合作网络内的创新活动提供知识和人才来源,企业作为创新的主体以主动加强合作的方式推动持续创新。美国的大学、政府、企业合作具有动态开放、共生共赢等特征,初步形成了市场和价值传到机制,但是也有政府定位不准、缺乏长效利益机制等不足。

The effective cooperation of University--Government--Enterprise could lead to an efficient use of scientific and technological resources. In the US, government provides law and policy environment and funding support, universities provides knowledge and human resourses for the innovation activities of the network, while enterprise plays the actor and constantly promote innovation by seeking cooperation with other subjects. The cooperation of these three organizations is dynamic, open, commensal and win--win which promised a great success but there are also some shortcomings such as mis--orientation of the government and the absence of long--term mechanism.