可持续发展视野下生态补偿机制的理念转变——以锡林郭勒盟草地生态补偿为例

The Transformation of Ideas of Ecological Compensation Mechanism under Sustainable Development Perspective——Taking Grassland Ecological Compensation in Xilinguole League as an Example

生态补偿是解决生态环境保护、利用,特别是恢复和建设等相关问题的重要机制和手段。但是,在理论和实践中,对于生态补偿的认识还存在诸多分歧,突出表现在补偿目的、补偿对象以及补偿途径等方面。为此,结合内蒙古锡林郭勒草地生态补偿的实践现状和存在的问题,论证生态补偿的理念应当有三个转变,即从当前生态恢复为目的的生态补偿向可持续发展为最终目的的生态补偿转变,从补偿生态主体向补偿包括生态主体在内的生态系统转变,从以国家为主的经济补偿为主向多主体补偿转变。

Ecological compensation is an important way to solve the problem of protecting, using, especially recovering and constructing. But both in theory and practice, it is far from the consensus in problems about ecological compensation, the branch points especially in purposes, objects and approaches of ecological compensation. According to the facts and the problems of grassland ecological compensation in Xilinguole and also according to the fundarnent of ecological compensation, the ideas of ecological compensation should be transformed in three aspects.