小儿手足口病292例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 292 children with hand-foot-mouth disease

【目的】分析小儿手足口病的临床特征,为诊治提供参考依据。【方法】对首诊手足口病患者进行表格式记录,共对292例患儿的临床资料进行分析。【结果】5岁以下的婴幼儿287例(98.3%),有发热197例(67.5%),出皮疹292例(100%),出疹部位主要在手292例(100%)、足292例(100%)、臀、膝251例(86.0%)、口腔244例(83.6%),皮疹全身泛发96例(32.9%),有不同程度痒感136例(46.6%),误诊为其他疾病13例(4.5%)。误诊的病种包括多形红斑、药物疹、水痘等小儿常见病。【结论】手足口病典型病例容易诊断,皮疹泛发者有可能误诊,必要时进行病毒检测协助诊断,以免漏诊。

[Objective] To investigate clinical features of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in children. [Method] Clinical data of 292 hand-foot mouth disease patients was analyzed retrospectively. [Results] In 292 cases,there were 287 patients（98.3%） less than 5 years old;197 patients（67.5%） with fever; 292 patients（100%） with rash mainly occurred to hands（ 100% ）, feet（ 100 %）, mouths（ 83. 6 % ）, buttocks and knees （ 86 % ） ; 96 patients（32.90% ） with generalized rash and 136 patients（46.6% ） with itching; 13 patients（4.5% ） with misdiagnosis including erytherma multiforma, drug allergy,varicella and so on. [Conclusion] Typical cases of hand-foot-mouth disease are easy to be diagnosed, while patients with generalized rash trend to be misdiagnosed, bometimes viruses should be identified in order to avoid miss-diagnosis.