杭州城市热岛空间分布及缓减对策

Spatial distribution of urban heat island in Hangzhou and its mitigation countermeasures

以夏季的杭州市为例,利用Landsat 5 TM热红外遥感数据提取并反演了杭州市地表的覆盖类型与地表温度,通过热场分级分析和剖面分析的方法,对杭州城市尺度下热岛的空间分布特征进行了分析,并揭示了杭州热岛的分布格局与城市用地类型、功能布局之间的空间对应关系,从城市用地类型的演化、城市空间格局的改变、城市用地布局的合理性以及人为热排放等方面剖析了杭州城市热岛的产生与影响机理。最后,从城市规划视角提出了合理控制城市用地扩展、构建开敞的城市生态空间、优化城市用地功能布局以及开展城市下垫面规划设计等城市热岛缓减对策,供未来杭州城市热环境改善工作参考。

Taking Hangzhou City in summer as a case, the thermal infrared remote sensing image （Landsat 5 TM） was used to extract and inverse the surface land cover types and surface temperature of Hangzhou City. The spatial distribution characteristics of urban heat island was analyzed in the city-scale through the thermal field analysis and profile analysis method. The corresponding relationship between the spatial distribution characteristics of Hangzhou urban heat island and landuse types were revealed. Then, the generative mechanisms of Hangzhou urban heat island were analyzed in the aspects of the evolution of urban landuse types, the changes of urban spatial pattern, the rationality of the urban land layout, and the emission of anthropogenic heat. Finally, in the perspective of urban planning, some mitigation countermeasures including the reasonable control of the expansion of urban landuse, con- struction of the urban ecological open space, optimization of the layout of urban landuse, and planning for underlaying surface were put forward. This aims to provide a reference to work in improving the thermal environment of Hangzhou City.