地震中造成建筑物毁损的耦合效应

Coupling effects on building damage in earthquakes

通过对北川地震灾区损毁建筑物的实地调查,指出震区建筑物毁损是由地质背景条件、建设场区地基土特性及建筑施工技术等多种因素的耦合效应造成的。地震诱发滑坡、崩塌、砂土液化等次生地质灾害造成建筑物场区失稳、失效,是震区建筑物毁损的重要原因。震区房屋毁损的特点是砖混结构和复杂建筑破坏严重,框架结构房屋和建筑幕墙等其他建筑破坏各有特点。在综合分析使建筑物毁损的耦合效应的基础上,提出了提高震区设防烈度、科学选址及吸收国内外先进抗震经验的思路,为灾后重建工作积累科学资料。

Based on field investigation into seismic damage to buildings in Beichun earthquake,it is pointed out that the building damage in seismic zone is caused by coupling effects of muhifactors such as geological background condition, foundation soil characteristics in construction site and building construction technology. The-earthquake-induced secondary geological disasters, for instance the landslide, avalanche, sand liquefaction, etc. are important factors inducing site unstability and building damage. The building damage in seismic zone is characterized by serious destruction of brick masonry and complex structures and partial destruction of frame building and curtain wall. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of coupling effects metioned above, the paper presents the thinking about improvement of fortification intensity, scientific selection of site and utilization of advance experience at home and abroad.