中国碳纤维工业发展的思考

Views On the Development of Chinese Carbon Fiber Industry

高强高模碳纤维是20世纪60年代初发展起来的一种含碳量大于90%的纤维材料,它既有碳素材料的特性,又具有纺织纤维的可加工性。碳纤维与树脂、金属、陶瓷、碳、玻璃等复合,可制得具有高模量、高强度、低密度、耐高温、耐腐蚀、抗疲劳、低热膨胀系数、高导电性等众多优异性能的复合材料,在国防、军工、体育、休闲及多个工业领域得到广泛应用,是支撑世界高技术产业发展的重要材料。碳纤维可以用聚丙烯腈、黏胶、沥青等作为原料制取,其中聚丙烯腈基碳纤维占总量的90%以上,是当今碳纤维发展主要品种。文章以此为主线,分析了我国碳纤维产业发展面临的机遇与挑战。

High - strength and high - module carbon fiber is a type of carbon fiber with over 90% carbon content developed from the early 1960＇ s, which has the features of carbon material and the processability of spinning fiber as well. When compounded with resin, metal, ceramics, carbon, glass, and so on, carbon fiber can be produced into compound material with various good properties as high module, high strength, low density, fire resistance, corrosion resistance, antifatigue, low thermal expansion coefficient and high conductibility, which is therefore widely used in many industries as national defense, war industry, sports, leisure, etc, and is an important material supporting the development of＇ global high technology industries. Carbon fiber can be produced from PAN, viscose and bitumen, of which^P~N -based carbon fiber accounts for over 90% of the total amount, being the major specimen of carbon fiber in modern society. With PAN - based carbon fiber as mainline, this paper analyzed the opportunities and challenges confronted by the development of Chinese carbon fiber industry.