城市土壤重金属分布与地理环境关系问题研究进展

Relationship between Distribution of the Heavy Metal in Urban Soils and Geography Environment

城市土壤重金属与地理环境关系研究主要集中在以下三个方面:城市土壤重金属受土地利用方式的影响,形成土壤重金属元素全量以及形态在城市不同功能区存在差异;自然地理因素如土壤矿物质组成、质地、pH、有机质以及成土环境往往是重金属积累的诱因,城市土壤在人为活动影响下,在土壤剖面上形成独特的垂直方向上的分布特征;城市土壤重金属的类型、分布特点还受城市活动强度的影响形成特殊的时间平衡模型,城市化过程的快速发展往往会打破城市土壤重金属积累——迁移平衡。目前对于城市土壤重金属污染与城市地理环境之间因果关系的综合研究,特别是自然地理环境的承载力方面的研究有待于进一步加强,通过自然地理环境的承载力阈值来调节人为活动强度对城市可持续发展有着重要意义。

This research on relationship between distribution of the heavy metal in urban soils and geography environment focuses on the following three aspects. The first aspect is the effect of the way of utilizing soil on the heavy metal in Urban Soils, the difference of content of heavy metal in urban soils and configuration in the different functional zone; physical geography such as mineral in soil, character, pH, organic, distribution of the heavy metal in urban soils in the special uprightness direetion; type of heavy metal in urban soils, distribution character, the balance of accumulation-- moving was broken by fast development of the city. Therefore it is very meaningful to synthetically research relationship between distribution of the heavy metal in urban soils and geography environment, especially the carrying capacity of geography environment and to gain the maximum of carrying capacity to adjust activities of people.