利用Google Earth研究构造对喀斯特地貌的控制和对碳酸盐岩岩系风化成土的影响

Application of the Google Earth System to the Study of Carbonate-Derived Laterite and Karst Geomorphology

通过互联网Google Earth欧洲卫星图像资料的观察,发现贵州喀斯特地区碳酸盐岩风化成土能力与地层岩性、构造和地貌等密切相关。二叠系生物礁石漠化显著,成土能力差;三叠系大冶组薄层灰岩成土能力高,很少有石漠化;地层倾角大的碳酸盐岩区,石漠化不显著;地层平缓的碳酸盐岩区,石漠化强或中等,碳酸盐岩风化成土能力中等。另外,大型节理带对碳酸盐岩风化成土具有明显的控制作用,节理带碳酸盐岩溶蚀相对强烈,常形成低洼地形,碳酸盐岩风化成土速率较高,红粘土堆积相对厚,不容易石漠化;而节理带间的区域往往地形较高,是石漠化易发育的区域。

The landscape of Guizhou Province was observed by the Google Earth System （2007 Europa Technologies image） in internet,revealing close relationship among karst morphology and carbonate-derived laterite and lithology and tectonics from the digital images.The digital image of Permian reef limestone in Luodian County,southern Guizhou shows strong rocky desertification,and carbonate-derived laterite is low in pedogenesis.The digital image of thin limestone of the Triassic Daye Formation shows low rocky desertification,and carbonate-derived laterite is very high in pedogenesis.The high dip angle （〉40°） carbonate area shows weak rocky desertification,and the lower dip angle （〈10°） carbonate area shows middle to strong carbonate laterite,the rocky desertification is middle to serious.The carbonate solution and laterite are very high long the large joint zone in the carbonate area,a series of depressions was developed along the large joint zone.Additionally,strong carbonate-derived laterite toke place in the depression zone,and a lot of soil was deposited in the depression zone.Therefore,carbonate-derived laterite is low on the upland between the depression zones,and the rocky desertification is serious.