生态旅游的可持续性评价模型研究——以九寨沟景区为例

RESEARCH ON THE EVALUATION MODEL OF ECOTOURISM SUSTAINABILITY——A CASE STUDY OF JIUZHAIGOU SCENIC SPOT

在生态环境脆弱区域开展旅游活动,其发展目标必须是可持续的。而生态旅游可持续性的标准因不同旅游区(点)或处在不同的时间段会产生差异,使用评价指标体系的方法可以反映出并弥补这种差异给可持续性评价带来的影响。以位于岷江上游的世界自然遗产地九寨沟景区为例,使用主观方法分析资源、社区和旅游三大利益相关者在生态旅游可持续性中的关系,建立生态旅游地可持续性评价模型的框架。使用德尔菲法确定相应的评价指标;通过对当地居民和旅游管理部门的访谈和旅游者问卷调查来探察利益相关者间的关系;根据访谈和调查结果对模型评价结果进行验证。研究以九寨沟景区为案例,评价模型的构建为生态旅游地的可持续性管理提供了一种主观与客观相结合的评价工具,并可以推广到其他景区。

The fragile eco-environment requires a sustainable development in tourism activities.Different assessments of the same tourism area owing to standard deviation would to some extent influence the precise evaluation of ecotourism sustainability in this area.However the adoption of indicators in evaluation model can reflect the differences mentioned above and lead to a precise result.Taking Jiuzhaigou,the world natural heritage site,as a case,this article probed into the relationship between the three key factors in tourism namely resources,community and tourism so as to construct an evaluation model of ecotourism sustainability.Meanwhile this paper suggests the implement of Delphi Method in indicators and the importance of both the interviews and questionnaires carried out by the tourism administration,which can be used as a test to the evaluation.As a conclusion,this paper points out the comprehensive evaluation model is of great help to the sustainable development administration and could be practiced in other destinations.