温度对龟纹瓢虫实验种群生长发育的影响

Effects of temperature on laboratory population of Propylea japonica(Thunberg)

为了明确龟纹瓢虫人工饲养的最适温度和高温耐受性,研究了温度对龟纹瓢虫生长发育的影响,以期为其人工饲养及利用提供理论指导。在15、20、25、30和35℃5个温度梯度下饲养,记录了龟纹瓢虫的发育历期、产卵量等生理指标,组建了其实验种群生命表。结果表明：在1525℃内,龟纹瓢虫的发育历期随温度升高而缩短,25和30℃下各发育阶段历期没有显著差异。龟纹瓢虫产卵量在25℃下最大,总存活率亦最高为78.8%,另外,龟纹瓢虫在35℃下仍能够少量产卵。龟纹瓢虫的世代发育起点温度为14.24℃,其内禀增长力和种群趋势指数均在25℃下最大,分别为0.11和270.6,表明饲养龟纹瓢虫的最适温度为25℃,并且成虫能耐受35℃的高温。

Effects of temperature on development of Propylaea japonica（Thunberg） were studied to identify the optimal temperature of rearing the ladybeetle and its tolerance of high temperature.Developmental duration,the number of eggs laid and other physiological index were investigated at 15,20,25,30 and 35 ℃,and constructed the life tables.The results showed that developmental rate increased with the increasing temperature from 15 to 25 ℃,and there was no significant difference between 25 and 30 ℃.Both the number of eggs laid and survival rate of P.japonica were the highest at 25 ℃,and eggs could be laid at 35 ℃.The developmental threshold temperature required for P.japonica was 14.24 ℃.Innate capacity of increase and index of population trend were higher at 25 ℃,0.11 and 270.6.The experiment proved that optimal rearing temperature of P.japonica was 25 ℃ and adults could tolerate 35 ℃.